Source: SEAMEO BIOTROP's Research Grant | 2016
Abstract:
Management program
to control stored product insect pests implemented by warehouse managers is
commonly fumigation using phosphine.
Reports from many countries showed that some stored product insects are
already resistant to this chemical.
Information about this in Indonesia is still very limited and monitoring
survey is needed to be conducted.
Essential oils seem to be one promising control agent as alternative
fumigant to control stored product insects and need to be developed. The objectives of this research were (1) to
collect major pest of stored product, Triboliumcastaneum,
from food and feed warehouses in the Province of North Sumatera, Lampung, and
East Kalimantan, (2) to test resistance status of collected insects against
phosphine, (3) to test the effectiveness of fractionated essential oils that
proved to be effective against T.
castaneum from our previous research and exploring new candidates from
other plants, (4) to prepare a simple formulation (in form of tablets) of the
effective fraction from our 2015 research (clove oil). Results of resistance monitoring revealed
that T. castaneum collected from food
warehouses in Medan and Lampung was resistant to phosphine with RF value 4
times, meanwhile T. castaneum
collected from other locations was not resistant. Fractionated essential oils that were
effective against T. castaneum were
ethyl acetate fraction of cinnamon oil against phosphine resistant strain (LD95
0.085 mL/L fumigation chamber) and n-hexane fractions of mint oils against
phosphine non-resistant strain (LD95 0.088 mL/L fumigation
chamber). New candidate of essential oil
that was effective against T. castaneum
was culilawan oil. Tablet of clove oil
that contains a mixture between clove oil and naphthalene was effective against
T. castaneum.