Source: SEAMEO BIOTROP's Research Grant | 2021
Abstract:
Health is an
important thing that must be considered, especially hand hygiene before and
after carrying out activities in the era of the Covid 19 pandemic. According to
WHO (2013) the spread of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria is
most often transmitted from hand to hand. Staphylococcus aureus is a
gram-positive micrococcal bacterium that is often considered the main pathogen
for humans, while Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacterium that has less
peptidoglycan content and more lipid content. This study aims to compare the
concentration of Moringa leaf extract which has the greatest inhibition against
Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria in Moringa leaf handwash.
The study used a completely randomized design with three repetitions on the
effect of the concentration of Moringa leaf extract from the powder and from
the dried leaves at various concentrations ie test 1: 2.5%, 5%; 10%; 20%; 40%,
and 80% b/v, and test 2: 2.5%, 5%; 7.5%;
10%; 12.5%, and 15% b/v were then compared with other soaps that did not
contain moringa as a control, and involved 10 students who were members of the
Research and Development (RnD) team of SMA Negeri 2 Padalarang. Extraction was
carried out using the soxhlet method with 96% ethanol solvent for 3 hours,
followed by a qualitative test for the phytochemical content of tannins,
flavonoids, polyphenols, and saponins, and a quantitative test for the tannin
content in Moringa handwash using the HPLC method, as well as the inhibition against
Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria.
The results
of the quantitative test for measuring tannin levels in each formula, using the
HPLC method, showed that hand soap with a concentration of 2.5% Moringa leaf
extract had a tannin content of 28.2659ppm or 0.0028266%, a 5% concentration of
Moringa leaf extract had a tannin content of 46.4910ppm or 0.0046491%. , the
concentration of moringa leaf extract 10% has a tannin content of 128.9282ppm
or 0.01289282%, a concentration of 20% moringa leaf extract has a tannin
content of 306.2910ppm or 0.0306291%, a concentration of 40% moringa leaf
extract has a tannin content of 900.5194 ppm or 0.09005194%. The optimum
inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus was achieved at a concentration of
2.5% Moringa leaf extract, while the optimum inhibition against Escherichia
coli bacteria was at a concentration of 10% and 80%, respectively.
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram positive bacterium that has a more complex
peptidoglycan structure and a lower lipid content, while Escherichia coli is a
Gram negative bacterium that has less peptidoglycan/thin content and more lipid
content, so that the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus is more easily damaged
by compounds. active Moringa leaf extract from Escherichia coli.
Download full report