Source: SEAMEO BIOTROP's Research Grant | 2015
Abstract:
Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) is one of Indonesia's
strategic commodities at the moment. Basal stem rot disease (BSR) which is
caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense
is the biggest disease problem in palm oil plantation. Ganoderma attack has a major economic impact on the oil palm
plantations. This study aims to determine the composition of bacteria in the
rhizosphere of healthy oil palm growing areas and sick plant due to G. boninense attack, to select
the rhizosphere bacteria that could stimulate plant growth and stable with the
aplication of lemongrass essential oil application. Application of
microorganisms is expected to improve the response of plant growth, combined
with the biofungicide from lemongrass essential oil that previous research
showed a good ability to inhibit the growth of G. boninense. Combination of this treatment is expected to solve
the problem on oil palm plantations due to G.
boninense attack. The results showed comparison
of bacteria species composition of phosphate soluble bacteria, producing
siderophores and NFB different at each level of the health condition of the
land by plants based on G.boninense
attack. Isolates that affected by G.boninense
attack on plant is phosphate soluble bacteria and siderophore bacteria. The
healthier condition of land and crops corelated with higher the population of phosphate soluble bacteria and
siderophore bacteria.
The
health condition of the land and the plants do not affect the composition of
the NFB. Some types phosphate soluble bacteria, producing siderophores and NFB
has good stability against application of lemongrass essential oils so the
application of biofungicide based lemongrass essential oils does not inhibit
the growth of bacteria naturally found in the rhizosphere of plants. From a series of tests best isolates is 26
PSB H16. This isolate have the
ability to stimulate the plant growth and high stability
against application of essential oils and is able to inhibit the growth of G.boninense. Use of molasses as growth medium
of rhizosphere
bacteria more effective and economical than the use of commercial medium.