Source: SEAMEO BIOTROP's Research Grant | 2021
Abstract:
Urban pests such as
ants and cockroaches are two types of insects that are well adapted to human
life and often cause disturbances to human comfort and health. The method of
controlling ants and cockroaches using the safest insecticide (against building
occupants) is baiting. This study aims to inventory the types of ants commonly
found in Bogor and evaluate the effectiveness of bait combinations with
botanical insecticide extract against cockroaches and ants. The results of the
inventory and identification obtained 7532 individual ants from 4 subfamilies,
namely Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae, and Ponerinae, as well as 28
species. The diversity of ant species at each location shows that the ant
species in the bus terminal environment are not significantly different from
the mall area. However, the diversity of ant species in three locations, namely
bus terminals, malls, and housing estates, showed significant differences with
the diversity of ant species in office habitats. The study of seasonal
differences did not show any effect on the diversity of ant species in each
location. In the bait preference test, the cockroach Blattella germanica and the ant Anoplolepis gracilipes showed different
preferences for the type of bait tested. The B.
germanica cockroach showed a high preference for the
combination of ground chicken meat + 25% sugar solution (1:1). In addition,
the A. gracilipes ants
preferred carbohydrate (sugar) and lipid-based baits, where the highest
preference was found in 25% sugar solution baits followed by a combination of
sugar + chicken fat solution (1:1). The LC50 and LC95
values of the Tephrosia vogelii extract against
the third instar German cockroach were 0.023% and 0.058%, respectively.
Meanwhile, the toxicity of Cerbera manghas extract was lower than that
of T. vogelii against the
third instar of German cockroach. The LC50 and LC95 values
of C. manghas extract
against the third instar of German cockroach were 0.027% and 0.073%,
respectively. The addition of extracts of T.
vogelii and C. manghas to
the bait indicated a potential repellent effect by both types of insects.
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